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Molluscum Contagiosum

Molluscum contagiosum is a common viral skin infection. It most often affects children, but adults with weakened immune systems can get it, too.

Molluscum contagiosum causes either single or multiple raised, pearl-like bumps (papules) on the skin. It's an ongoing infection, so the bumps may last a few months or a few years. But most cases get better in 6 to 9 months.

Molluscum contagiosum may look different on darker skin tones compared to lighter skin tones. The lesions can appear anywhere on your body. (Photo Credit: iStock/Getty Images)

Molluscum contagiosum papules commonly appear on the face, torso, and limbs of children and on the genitals, abdomen, and inner thighs of adults. 

Molluscum contagiosum bumps

The condition usually causes bumps that:

Are generally painless but can itch

Are small (2 to 5 millimeters in diameter)

Have a dimple in the center

Are firm, dome-shaped, and flesh-colored at first

Become softer with time

May turn red and drain over time

Have a central core of white, waxy material

Molluscum contagiosum stages

The condition has a few different stages. You'll start to notice bumps on your skin around 2 to 8 weeks after getting the virus that causes the infection. As they grow, the bumps will look dome-shaped and form an indent in the middle. During the final stage of the infection, the bumps will turn red and look like pimples. This means you can expect them to heal soon.

Molluscum contagiosum and HIV

Molluscum contagiosum usually disappears on its own over a period of months to years if you have a healthy immune system. If you have AIDS or other conditions that affect the immune system, molluscum contagiosum can lead to widespread, chronic sores.

Molluscum contagiosum is a common contageous viral skin infection that most often affects children. It causes either single or multiple raised, pearl-like bumps (papules) on the skin. It's a chronic infection, so the bumps may last for a few months or a few years.

The molluscum contagiosum virus causes molluscum contagiosum. It's part of the pox virus family. You can spread molluscum contagiosum:

Through direct contact with an infected person

By having sexual contact with an infected person

By rubbing or scratching the bumps

Doctors base a diagnosis of molluscum contagiosum on the way the papule looks. If your doctor isn't sure, they can confirm the diagnosis with a skin biopsy. They'll remove a piece of skin to look at more closely. If they're worried you might have other health problems, they can check for them, too.

Because molluscum contagiosum can go away on its own, you may not need treatment. But your doctor can remove individual bumps by scraping or freezing them. This procedure could leave a scar.

Topical medications (medications you put on your skin), like those used to remove warts, can also help remove the papules.

Here are some home remedies that you can use to ease the symptoms of molluscum contagiosum:

Apple cider vinegar. Apply it daily to unbroken bumps with a cotton ball or pad, and cover the cotton with a bandage. Another option is an apple cider vinegar bath. Pour one cup into your bathwater and soak for 10 minutes.

Tea tree oil. This type of oil with added iodine may work well to treat molluscum contagiosum lesions in young children.

Imiquimod cream. This cream helps your immune system clear the bumps. Treatment usually takes about 16 weeks. Doctors don't suggest the cream for kids since it may not work for them.

Salicylic acid. Commonly used for warts, this may also work for molluscum contagiosum.

Sinecatechins (green tea). Made from green tea, this treatment is FDA-approved for genital and anal warts and may also help treat molluscum contagiosum in those areas.

Tretinoin. You'll need to apply this cream carefully; your dermatologist can show you how to use it properly. The aim is to irritate the skin's surface to help your immune system fight the virus.

Due to possible skin irritation, you should only use treatments such as imiquimod, salicylic acid, and tretinoin under the care of a dermatologist. Your dermatologist will advise you on the proper concentration and how often to use them. While home remedies might offer some relief, they should not replace professional medical advice and treatment.

To avoid molluscum contagiosum, follow these tips:

Avoid direct skin-to-skin contact with anyone who may have the condition.

Treat eczema in children.

Either don't have sex or have a monogamous sexual relationship with someone who isn't infected. (Male and female condoms don't offer full protection. The virus can get to areas the condom doesn't cover.)

Molluscum contagiosum is a common viral skin infection, mostly affecting children, though adults with weak immune systems can get it too. It causes small, raised bumps on the skin, which can appear alone or in clusters. The bumps may last for months or even years but usually clear up in 6 to 9 months. Molluscum contagiosum often clears up without treatment. But, doctors can remove the bumps by scraping or freezing them, though this can leave scars. Topical treatments, like those used for warts, can also help.

Is molluscum contagiosum an STD?

If you get the virus through sexual contact, doctors consider it a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Bumps will form on the genitals and sometimes inside of the mouth.

Molluscum Contagiosum – Symptoms, Treatments And Prevention

What is it?

Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a viral skin infection caused by the molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) and is highly infectious.

MCV belongs to the family of poxviruses, which infect human skin cells.

Some people are resistant to the molluscum contagiosum virus so won't become infected, even when in contact with someone who is infected. It's not known why some people are resistant and some people aren't.

What are the symptoms?

If your child has molluscum contagiosum they may have small lesions or abnormal patches on the skin that can be firm, raised and painless. The lesions usually appear in small clusters and spread widely across different parts of the body, including hands, arms, face and neck.

Some of the lesions have a tiny grey head in the centre and are pearly in appearance. This head may split, causing a thick yellowy-white substance to escape, which is highly infectious.

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You and your child should avoid handling or squeezing the lesions, as this will speed up the spreading of the infection.

Each lesion will crust over in its own time and heal, up to approximately 12 weeks after it first appeared.

For about one in 10 cases, patches of eczema can develop around the lesions, according to the NHS.

How does molluscum contagiosum spread?

Molluscum contagiosum can be spread through close direct contact, such as touching the skin of someone who is infected. It's common in schools because the sharing of contaminated objects, such as toys and clothes, can spread the virus easily.

Do you need to take your child to the doctor?

Yes. Your doctor will examine your child's skin and ask about their symptoms. However, molluscum contagiosum usually clears without the need for treatment.

Should your child go to school?

Yes. It's not necessary for your child to stay home from school with molluscum contagiosum and they can continue to swim, too.

However in order to stop the infection from spreading, keep the affected areas of your child covered with clothing where possible. Make sure your child doesn't scratch the infected area because this will prolong the infection.

Wash all clothing, bedding and towels regularly at a high temperature to prevent the infection from spreading.

What else may your child come into contact with during school?

Other infections such as tonsillitis, verrucas, chickenpox, impetigo, ringworm, threadworms, ear infections, diarrhoea and vomiting are also common for your child to catch during school.

Read more:

What Warts In Your Private Areas Indicate About Your Health

Warts in private areas can be a concerning and often embarrassing health issue. While they might seem like a minor inconvenience, they can indicate underlying health conditions that require immediate attention. Understanding what these warts are, why they appear and what they signify about your overall health is crucial for taking appropriate action. This article delves into the causes, symptoms and health implications of warts in intimate areas, providing insight into when to seek medical help and how to manage this condition effectively.

Understanding warts in private areas

Warts are small, fleshy growths that can appear on various parts of the body — including private areas. These growths are often caused by the human papillomavirus, or HPV — a common virus with multiple strains. In private areas, warts are typically referred to as genital warts and are usually soft, skin-colored or slightly darker than the surrounding tissue. They may appear singly or in clusters, and their texture can range from smooth to rough. Although they are generally painless, they can cause discomfort, itching and emotional distress.

Genital warts are one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. They can appear weeks, months or even years after exposure to the virus, making it challenging to trace the exact moment of infection. While not all warts are harmful, their presence in private areas can indicate certain health issues that should not be ignored.

What do warts in private areas indicate?

HPV infectionThe primary cause of genital warts is HPV infection. HPV is a widespread virus with over 100 different strains, some of which are specifically associated with genital warts. While many strains of HPV are harmless and may resolve on their own, certain high-risk types can lead to more severe health issues, including cervical cancer in women and penile cancer in men. Therefore, the appearance of warts in private areas can be a sign of an active HPV infection — which may necessitate medical intervention to manage and monitor the condition.

Weakened immune systemA healthy immune system can often suppress the HPV virus — preventing the development of warts. However, when the immune system is compromised, it becomes easier for the virus to manifest as warts in private areas. Factors that can weaken the immune system include chronic illnesses, stress, poor diet and lifestyle choices like smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. If you notice persistent or recurring warts, it could be an indication that your immune system is struggling, and you may need to make lifestyle changes or seek medical advice to strengthen your immune health.

Sexual health concernsThe presence of warts in intimate areas may point to underlying sexual health concerns. Genital warts are a clear indication that an individual has contracted HPV through sexual contact. This highlights the importance of safe sex practices — including the use of condoms and regular sexual health screenings. Warts may also signal exposure to other STIs — making it essential to undergo a comprehensive sexual health evaluation. Early detection and treatment of STIs can prevent further complications and promote overall sexual well-being.

Potential for cancerWhile most genital warts are caused by low-risk strains of HPV that do not lead to cancer, their presence indicates a higher likelihood of being exposed to high-risk HPV strains. High-risk HPV types are associated with various cancers — including cervical, anal and throat cancers. Women, in particular, should be vigilant about regular Pap smears and HPV screenings, as these tests can detect precancerous changes in the cervix. Men should also consult their health care providers if they notice unusual growths in their private areas, as early detection of HPV-related cancers significantly improves treatment outcomes.

Need for medical evaluationWarts in private areas should never be self-diagnosed or ignored. They require a thorough medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment. In some cases, what appears to be warts might be another skin condition — such as molluscum contagiosum or even early signs of certain cancers. A health care professional can accurately diagnose the condition through a physical examination and — if necessary — a biopsy. Proper diagnosis is crucial for developing an effective treatment plan and addressing any potential health risks.

How to manage and treat warts in private areas

Managing and treating warts in private areas involves a combination of medical intervention and lifestyle changes. Here are some steps to consider:

Seek medical treatmentThe first step in addressing genital warts is to consult a health care provider. Treatments for genital warts include topical medications, cryotherapy (freezing the warts), laser therapy and surgical removal. Your doctor will recommend the most suitable treatment based on the size, location and number of warts, as well as your overall health.

Boost your immune systemSince a weakened immune system can contribute to the recurrence of warts, it is essential to adopt a healthy lifestyle that supports immune function. This includes eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains, getting regular exercise, managing stress, and avoiding habits that weaken the immune system, such as smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

Practice safe sexTo reduce the risk of contracting or spreading HPV, practice safe sex by using condoms and dental dams. While these methods do not offer complete protection against HPV, they significantly reduce the risk of transmission. Additionally, consider getting vaccinated against HPV, which can protect against the most common strains of the virus that cause genital warts and certain cancers.

Regular health check-upsRegular health checkups and screenings are essential for early detection and management of HPV-related conditions. Women should adhere to recommended Pap smear schedules, and men should discuss any concerns about genital warts or other unusual symptoms with their health care provider. Early intervention can prevent the progression of HPV-related diseases and promote overall health.

Emotional impact of warts in private areas

Beyond the physical health implications, genital warts can have a significant emotional and psychological impact. Many individuals experience feelings of shame, embarrassment and anxiety about their condition, which can affect their self-esteem and intimate relationships. It is important to remember that genital warts are a common health issue, and seeking medical help is a responsible step toward maintaining your health and well-being. Open communication with a health care provider and — if necessary — a mental health professional can provide support and guidance during this challenging time.

More than just a cosmetic concern

Warts in private areas are more than just a cosmetic concern; they can indicate underlying health issues that require attention. From signaling an active HPV infection to pointing toward potential immune system weaknesses, these growths should not be ignored. Understanding what warts in private areas mean for your health is the first step toward effective management and prevention. By seeking medical evaluation, practicing safe sex and adopting a healthy lifestyle, you can take control of your health and reduce the risks associated with genital warts. Remember, your health and well-being are paramount, and addressing concerns promptly can lead to better outcomes and a healthier future.

This story was created using AI technology.

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