Ebola Virus Disease

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Nepal is experiencing its worst outbreak of dengue fever in recorded history, which health experts attribute in part to a changing climate. Wetter monsoons and warmer temperatures have made for ideal breeding conditions for the mosquitoes that carry the virus. Poor water and waste management are also factors, allowing for water to stagnate for long periods and giving the mosquitoes a place to lay their larvae. Experts say it will take a combination of personal responsibility — to eradicate mosquito-breeding grounds — and government leadership — to coordinate the public health response — if dengue is to be eradicated in Nepal. KATHMANDU — Hindus in Nepal marked Tihar this past week, the festival of lights that takes place at the same time as the better-known holy day of Deepavali. But for Richa Sharma, a 38-year-old resident of Kathmandu, there was no celebrating; she was bedridden for the past week. The combination of high fever, body aches and burning eyes left her hardly able to s...

As a woman, for you to conceive successfully, ovulation is everything. Ovulation is supposed to be painless, but it is not uncommon to experience pain. You may experience ovulation pain with one menstrual cycle, and not with another. An awareness of any aches or cramping during ovulation can actually be a useful indicator in tracking your fertility. What is important is that you should get familiar with how your body feels during ovulation from month to month.This will help you to separate what's normal for you from what might be abnormal and require a visit to your doctor. Why do you experience ovulation pain, how long does it last, what does it mean for your conception chances, and how do you obtain relief? Essentially, ovulation pain occurs midway through your menstrual cycle when your ovary releases an egg. Not every woman who ovulates will feel this type of pain. Most feel it occasionally, but others might feel it every cycle. There is no particular cause for ovulation pain, ...

Keratitis is a pathological condition involving inflammation of the cornea. It can be an infectious or non-infectious disease. The causative organisms of keratitis are categorized as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. The viruses responsible for causing keratitis are herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus, and adenoviruses. The clinical features of this infection may range from pain and redness of the eye to scarring of the cornea or blindness. We present the case of a 71-year-old elderly female patient suffering from viral (HSV) keratitis. She was referred to the department of ophthalmology with complaints of diminution of vision and watering in the right eye associated with pain and redness for one month, which was progressive and gradual in onset. On local examination, the surface of the cornea was irregular in the right eye, with the presence of old keratitis precipitates. Viral infection is the second leading cause of keratitis and is very common in the western ...

Fever occurs when your body temperature rises to about 99 degrees Farentheit or higher because of an illness. A fever is an anti-inflammatory response and a reaction to foreign invaders in the body. A fever's purpose is to help the body fight off bacteria and viruses. Most fevers are treatable at home, but there are some that require medical attention. This article covers the symptoms and types of fever, causes of fever, how to treat fever, and when to get help. VioletaStoimenova / Getty Images Symptoms of Fever In addition to a temperature of about 99 degrees, a fever can also include the following symptoms: Chills and shivers Excessive sweating Fatigue Joint, bone, or back pain Headache Dehydration In children, symptoms of fever can include: Lower activity levels and staying quiet Fussiness Increased thirst and less hunger Feeling warm For about 3% of children aged 6 months to 5 years old, seizures called febrile...

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia is associated with an increased risk of mortality at 18 weeks among patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal or tuberculous (TB) meningitis, according to study findings published in the International Journal of Infectious Diseases . In this study, researchers prospectively enrolled patients (N=340) with HIV-associated cryptococcal (n=308) or TB meningitis (n=32) to assess whether CMV viremia increases the risk of all-cause mortality. Researchers retrospectively quantified CMV DNA concentrations using blood samples previously obtained from the patients. The researchers defined CMV viremia as plasma or serum concentrations above the threshold of polymerase chain reaction detection (88.5 IU/mL). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 18 weeks. Risk factors for 18-week all-cause mortality were determined via univariate Cox proportional hazards regression. Among 121 patients with and 219 without CMV viremia at baseline...

This report was revised on 21 October 2022 and the calculated case fatality rate has been deleted as it didn't include all confirmed and probable cases Outbreak at a glance The Ministry of Public Health of Lebanon notified WHO on 6 October 2022 of two laboratory culture-confirmed cholera cases reported from the northern part of the country. As of 13 October, a total of 18 cases have been confirmed, including two probable deaths. This represents the first cholera outbreak in Lebanon since 1993. Responding to the current cholera outbreak may overwhelm the already fragile health system in the country. Outbreak overview On 6 October 2022, the Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) of Lebanon, notified WHO of two laboratory-confirmed cholera cases, confirmed by bacteria culture test, reported from North and Akkar governorates, northern Lebanon. The index case, a 51-year-old Syrian man living in an informal settlement in Minieh-Danniyeh district (North governorate), was reported to the MoPH...

The Uganda Ministry of Health (MOH) announced the first positive case of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in Uganda in 2022 caused by Sudan virus (species Sudan ebolavirus) on September 20. At this time, there are no confirmed cases of Ebola virus disease related to this outbreak reported in the United States or other countries outside Uganda, and the current geographic scope of this outbreak in Uganda is small. As part of the U.S.'s efforts to address this outbreak with the international community, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the U.S. Agency for International Aid and Development (USAID) are working closely with local, national, and international partners to ensure the response efforts to the Uganda outbreak are well integrated and aligned to address and contain the outbreak in Uganda, as well as keep the United States protected. Since September 20, 2022, CDC has intensified surveillance efforts in the affected districts and is working with the Ministry ...

Special Report Infectious diseases have plagued humankind throughout history. When small bands of hunter-gatherers contracted an illness, it might have remained relatively contained; but as agrarian societies allowed for more heavily concentrated populations, these diseases could cause widespread damage. Trade routes between urban centers now became superhighways for the transmission of pathogens. 24/7 Wall St. has compiled a list of the 20 worst epidemics and pandemics in history. An epidemic is defined as the widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time. A pandemic is an epidemic that crosses international boundaries and affects a large number of people in multiple countries or worldwide. Pandemics such as the Black Death, which wiped out 60% of the population of Europe, are capable of dramatically altering the course of history. They have devastated economies, toppled civilizations, en...

Odontiasis also known as teething in babies, occurs where the teeth cut through the gums in an infant. It is a fascinating process that most parents eagerly wait for. In most children, this process usually starts between four to seven months, but this is not a rule of thumb. It is merely an estimation, so don't worry if your baby's teeth came in early or even later. Each baby is different. Signs that your baby maybe teething A lot of babies don't really show major symptoms and you may suddenly discover a tooth has sprouted in the lower jaw when you are breastfeeding. Others may show one or more of the following symptoms or even most of them: — swollen and painful gums, — being more fussy than usual — mild fever — wanting to chew on anything and everything — putting fingers or even the whole hand in the mouth — drooling excessively to the point that the baby develops a rash — tugging at the ear — unwilling ...

"One big, common misconception about SAD is that it's just the 'winter blues,'" said Kelly Rohan, a professor of psychological science and a clinical psychologist at the University of Vermont. When the days get grayer and colder and the holidays are around the corner, it's not unusual to experience temporary feelings of malaise, tiredness or stress. But seasonal affective disorder is much more serious — a form of clinical depression, Dr. Rohan said — with symptoms that can last longer, and that come and go with the seasons. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, you may have seasonal affective disorder if you experience certain symptoms that start and stop during specific months, and that occur for at least two consecutive years. These can include near-constant and daily feelings of depression, loss of interest in activities you used to enjoy, changes to your appetite or weight, sluggishness and low energy, trouble falling asleep or oversleeping...

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It can be alarming to experience pain with ejaculation. In some people, the condition can be persistent or severe. Painful ejaculation, also known as male dysorgasmia, is a relatively common condition affecting up to 10% of people with penises, either in acute (sudden and short-lasting) episodes or on a chronic (ongoing or recurrent) basis. Painful ejaculation is also sometimes referred to as dysejaculation, odynorgasmia, or orgasmalgia. The causes of dysorgasmia are many, ranging from infections and prostate problems to nervous system disorders and medications. Because of this, it is important to see a healthcare provider to pinpoint the exact cause and access the right treatment. This article looks at the symptoms and causes of painful ejaculation and walks you through the various ways the condition is diagnosed and treated. It also highlights the signs and symptoms that warrant immediate medical care. Prostock-Studio / Getty Images ...