Ebola Virus Disease

Ly Kanha inspects a mosquito net at the house of Em Noun, a recovered malaria patient in Peam L'vear village in Cambodia. WHO/C. Liu The sand coloured health centers dotted across Cambodia's provinces are fairly recognizable, even to an untrained eye. Most sport a canopy of red tile roofs with verandas that serve as waiting areas for incoming patients. Ly Kanha grew up familiar with the ins and outs of Cambodia's health centres. She spent most of her childhood in the care of her grandparents who were both working as health professionals at the time.  "When I was young, my grandfather took me to the health centre, and I saw medical staff wearing medical uniforms," says Kanha as she recounts memories of observing the staff administering medication to patients. Ly Kanha poses outside the Cambodia-Japan Friendship Health Center of Chambok. WHO/C. Liu The visits made enough of an impression that Kanha eventually followed in the steps of her grandmother to beco...

If you're preparing for the United States Medical Licensing Examination ® (USMLE ® ) Step 1 exam, you might want to know which questions are most often missed by test-prep takers. Check out this example from Kaplan Medical, and read an expert explanation of the answer. Also check out all posts in this series. The AMA selected Kaplan as a preferred provider to support you in reaching your goal of passing the USMLE ® or COMLEX-USA ® . AMA members can save 30% on access to additional study resources, such as Kaplan's Qbank and High-yield courses. Learn more. This month's stumper This month's stumper A previously healthy 64-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department because of substernal chest pain, nausea, diaphoresis, and fatigue. Her temperature is 37.1°C (98.8°F), pulse is 96 beats per minute, respirations are 18 a minute, and blood pressure is 138/92 mm Hg. A cardiac examination reveals an S 4 gallop but is otherwise unremarkable. Her lungs ...

Doctors prescribe antidepressants to help manage depression, improve mood, and ease anxiety. If people who use antidepressant medication stop taking it, they may develop antidepressant discontinuation syndrome (ADS). Over time, antidepressants may improve symptoms of depression. As an individual begins to feel better, they may assume that they can stop taking their medication. However, suddenly stopping or reducing antidepressant medication may result in a person feeling as though they have an illness, such as influenza or another viral infection. Some people may have more worrying symptoms, such as disturbing thoughts and psychosis. These symptoms could be due to ADS. In this article, we examine the causes and symptoms of ADS. We also look at how to avoid and manage ADS and when to seek medical attention. ADS is a set of symptoms that typically develop in about 20% of people who take antidepressants continually for at least 1 month and then stop or significantly ...

Signs of a fever and when to worry A fever is a higher-than-normal body temperature. It's usually a sign that the body is waging a war against infection. Here's how to tell when you need to be concerned about a fever: If your baby is under 3 months old and has a temperature of 100.4 degrees F or higher, call the doctor immediately. A baby this young needs to be checked for serious infection or disease. For a baby 3 months old or older , the most important thing is how he looks and acts. If he appears well, is taking fluids, and has no other symptoms, there's no need to call the doctor unless the fever persists for more than 24 hours or is 104 degrees F or higher. If your baby is between 3 months and 6 months and has a fever of 101 degrees F or higher, or is older than 6 months and has a temperature of 103 degrees F or higher – call the doctor if he also has symptoms such as: Loss of appetite Cough Signs of an earache, such as pulling on his ear Unusual f...

By Chair Cecilia Rouse The three data releases (Gross Domestic Product, Personal Income, and the Employment Cost Index) from the last two days show how recent policies enacted to support households through the pandemic are helping to boost incomes and spending, providing a lift to the current economic expansion. However, they also are a reminder that there is still more work to be done before the economy and households fully recover.  1. The GDP report showed a strong pace of growth. Yet it also serves as a reminder that the work of the recovery is not yet over: the U.S. economy is still about one percent below where it was pre-pandemic and more than 3 percent below its pre-pandemic trend. The U.S. economy grew at an annual rate of 6.4 percent in the first quarter of 2021 (see figure below on the left). Consumer spending, which accounts for about 70 percent of GDP, grew strongly over the quarter, fueled by job gains and government support. Regarding the latter, today's inco...

You've heard that the teething stage is bad, but is it really ? Like, can't you just give a baby a teether or a cold washcloth and move on? Well — not always. Sometimes teething pain is bad enough to warrant some medicinal relief — and Tylenol is often considered the go-to option, as it's generally safe for young babies. But since teething can last a long time (read: months and months on end), you can't keep your child on a 24/7 infusion of infant Tylenol. Here's how to know when to give it to your baby, how to use it safely, and how it stacks up against other pain relief options. You might not remember what it felt like when your 6-year molars or wisdom teeth came in, but let us assure you: Yes, teething is uncomfortable! To be clear, it might not cause "pain" in the traditional definition of the word. Some experts think teething causes a dull, achy sensation, or possibly even an itchy one — which is why babies turn to chomping and gnaw...

Philadelphia, PA, March 31, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Beyond Celiac, the leading catalyst for a celiac disease cure in the United States, announced today eye-opening data from its Go Beyond Celiac Gluten Exposure Survey. The survey of 1,500 celiac disease patients highlights a number of neurological and psychological symptoms reported after exposure to gluten, adding to the call that patients experience more than just gastrointestinal (GI) troubles. Brain fog (86.0%) and fatigue (90.8%) are the two most commonly reported non-GI symptoms. "The patient voice is begging to be heard in celiac disease," said Kate Avery, MPH, Director of Research and Patient Engagement of Beyond Celiac. "Despite there being over 300 symptoms of celiac disease, many doctors still only focus on GI manifestations such as abdominal pain, bloating and diarrhea when diagnosing and treating a patient. It's often the same in research, with GI symptoms getting far more attention. New data is const...

Do you have headache days — in addition to migraine attacks — more often than you have pain-free days? If so, you may have medication-overuse headache (MOH). Also called chronic daily headache or rebound headache, MOH most commonly occurs in people with a primary headache disorder such as migraine, cluster headache, or tension-type headache, according to the American Migraine Foundation. It's caused by too-frequent use of acute medications, although exactly what "too frequent" means can depend on the drug being taken. Medication-overuse headache isn't only troublesome because you have near-constant head pain: MOH can also cause headaches that are resistant to preventive migraine medications, making acute therapies less effective as well. Stewart Tepper, MD, professor of neurology at the Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine in Hanover, New Hampshire, spoke about medication-overuse headaches in his talk "Medications That Make Migraine Worse," as part of t...

SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus that causes COVID-19, is a respiratory illness that commonly causes a dry cough. A dry cough is a cough that does not produce mucus or phlegm from the airways. A person with a dry cough may experience a dry, scratchy, sore, or rough throat. There may also be a sensation of a tickle in the throat or a patch of the throat that feels dry, even when swallowing. There may not be any relief from a dry cough, even after coughing. Learn more about a dry cough with COVID-19 in this article. A dry cough is a common early symptom of COVID-19. According to some estimates, 60–70% of people who develop COVID-19 symptoms experience a dry cough as an initial symptom. However, several other conditions can cause a dry cough, including: Related symptoms A dry cough that is accompanied by other symptoms may indicate COVID-19 as the cause. These related symptoms include: headaches muscle or joint pain a sore throat a runny or congested no...

Ovarian cysts are more common before menopause than after. But as long as you have ovaries, you can develop an ovarian cyst. In this article, we'll look at ovarian cysts that develop after menopause, what the symptoms are, and how they're treated. Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that form in or on the ovaries. Most are harmless. Also, they're more likely to develop before menopause when the ovaries are more active. For example, the two most common types are follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts, both of which are associated with the menstrual cycle. After menopause, the ovaries no longer release eggs. They also stop making estrogen and progesterone, though they're not completely inactive. And they can still develop cysts such as: dermoids, which develop from cells you've had since birth cystadenomas, which grow on the surface of the ovary Although cancerous ovarian cysts are rare, they're more common in older women. Research from...

One of the telltale symptoms of COVID-19 is loss of smell and taste. And some patients are left with long-term loss of smell or even smell distortions. It's why the topic of smell training and other potential therapies have come to the forefront of many conversations regarding regaining the ability to smell, a sense that is much more important than some may think. Dr. Steven Munger — director of the University of Florida's Center for Smell and Taste, and co-director of the UF Health Smell Disorders Program — said a loss of sense of smell from COVID-19 or smell disorders are more common than many realize. In fact, 12.4% of people over 40 years old, or more than 16 million people, in the United States suffer from either the inability to smell (anosmia) or distorted smell (parosmia). That's about four times the prevalence of uncorrectable vision impairments in the same age group.  What's more, the diagnosis can present much more significant concerns than merely the...

It is important to speak with a doctor before stopping gabapentin treatment. This advice applies to both generic gabapentin and brand name versions of the drug, which include Neurontin and Gralise. If a person suddenly stops taking the drug, the risks include seizures and withdrawal, among other serious problems. The best approach is usually for a person to stop taking gabapentin gradually under a doctor's supervision. This article looks at the best ways to stop taking gabapentin gradually. It also discusses the potential risks of stopping too quickly, the possible side effects of the drug, and the reasons why someone might want to discontinue it. People need a prescription to take gabapentin, which is available as a generic drug and under brand names that include Neurontin and Gralise. It comes in the following forms: capsule tablet solution suspension Doctors may prescribe gabapentin as an anticonvulsant to prevent partial seizures in a person with e...

Colic is often associated with babies who cry persistently, but it can also affect adults. Adults often experience colic as sudden gastrointestinal or urinary pain that becomes less intense over time. This article outlines the different types of colic in adults, the treatment options available, and some possible prevention tips. The main symptom of colic is localized pain in the abdomen or urinary tract that comes and goes. Colic occurs when there is an obstruction within a hollow internal body part, such as the intestines, gallbladder, rectum, kidneys, or ureters. To try to rid the body of the obstruction, the muscles contract vigorously around it, and these spasms cause pain. Some of the most common obstructions that lead to colic are gallstones and kidney stones. A colic episode can last for up to 5 hours, with intense pain that gradually subsides. There can be a residual ache for up to 24 hours. Once a person has had one episode of colic, they are likely to ha...

Behavioral therapy may help individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) manage and change the behaviors that are causing them difficulties and stress. ADHD symptoms can lead to a variety of behaviors that may make everyday tasks feel challenging or even impossible. Behavioral therapy can help people with ADHD develop new, more positive behaviors and help them manage their symptoms more effectively. Behavioral therapy may work alongside medication and is often a part of an ADHD treatment plan. People with ADHD have symptoms that can make it difficult for them to succeed at school, work, or everyday tasks. Behavioral therapy can help people with ADHD learn skills that control their symptoms and help them manage tasks. The goal of behavioral therapy is to replace negative behaviors with positive ones. Behavioral therapy does this by teaching strategies to improve problem areas like organization, focus, and impulse control. Some people find that behav...